Meconium aspiration disorder (MAS) is a common reason for serious respiratory distress in call babies, with an associated highly variable morbidity and death. MAS outcomes from aspiration of meconium throughout intrauterine gasping or throughout the first couple of breaths. The pathophysiology of MAS is multifactorial and consists of severe air passage blockage, surfactant disorder or inactivation, chemical pneumonitis with launch of vasoconstrictive and inflammatory mediators, and persistent lung hypertension of newborn (PPHN). This condition can be life endangering, often complicated by respiratory failing, lung air leakages, and PPHN. Approaches to the avoidance of MAS have changed in time with partnership in between obstetricians and doctors developing the structures for treatment. The use surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has led to the reduced death and the need for extracorporeal membrane layer oxygenation (ECMO) use. In this paper, we review the present understanding of the pathophysiology and management of MAS
Meconium aspiration disorder (MAS) is specified as respiratory distress in an baby birthed through meconium-stained amniotic liquid (MSAF) with characteristic radiological changes and whose signs cannot be or else discussed [1]. Because meconium is seldom found in the amniotic liquid before 34 weeks' pregnancy, MAS is often an illness of the call and near-term baby and is associated with considerable respiratory morbidity and death. Cleary and Wiswell [2] have suggested a seriousness criteria to specify MAS: (a) mild MAS is an illness that requires much less compared to 40% oxygen for much less compared to two days, (b) moderate MAS is an illness that requires greater than 40% oxygen for greater than two days with no air leakage, and (c) serious MAS is an illness that requires assisted air flow for greater than two days and is often associated with PPHN. In this paper, we appearance at the present understanding of the pathogenesis and management of MAS..
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Meconium is a thick sticky dark green compound containing intestinal secretions, bile, bile acids, mucous, pancreatic juice, blood, swallowed vernix caseosa, lanugo, and mobile particles. Intrauterine hypoxia may cause flow of meconium in the amniotic liquid. MSAF exists in 8–20% of all shipments [1–4], enhancing to 23–52% after 42 weeks of pregnancy [5, 6]. Meconium aspiration may occur before birth, or throughout the birth process. About 2–9% of babies birthed through MSAF develop MAS [7–9]. About one-third of babies with MAS require intubation and mechanical air flow [9].
